Calculate Velocity in Pipe

Velocity Formula:

\[ v = \frac{Q}{A} \]

Velocity (v):

m/s

1. What is Pipe Velocity Calculator?

Definition: This calculator determines the fluid velocity in a pipe based on the flow rate and cross-sectional area.

Purpose: It helps engineers and technicians calculate how fast fluid is moving through a pipe, which is crucial for system design and analysis.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

\[ v = \frac{Q}{A} \]

Where:

\( v \) — Velocity (meters per second, m/s)
\( Q \) — Flow rate (cubic meters per second, m³/s)
\( A \) — Cross-sectional area (square meters, m²)

Explanation: The flow rate is divided by the cross-sectional area to determine the average velocity of the fluid in the pipe.

3. Importance of Velocity Calculation

Details: Proper velocity calculation ensures efficient pipe sizing, prevents erosion, maintains laminar flow when needed, and helps in energy loss calculations.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the flow rate in m³/s and the cross-sectional area in m². For circular pipes, area = π × (diameter/2)². All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What's a typical velocity range for water in pipes?
A: For water, typical velocities are 0.5-3 m/s in supply lines and 1.5-4.5 m/s in drainage systems.

Q2: How do I calculate area for a circular pipe?
A: Use A = π × r² where r is the radius, or A = π × (d/2)² where d is diameter.

Q3: Does this account for fluid viscosity?
A: This gives average velocity. Actual velocity profile varies with viscosity (parabolic for laminar flow).

Q4: What if I have flow rate in L/s instead of m³/s?
A: Convert by dividing L/s by 1000 to get m³/s (1 m³/s = 1000 L/s).

Q5: When is velocity too high in a pipe?
A: Excessive velocity can cause erosion, noise, and excessive pressure drops. Consult engineering standards for limits.